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2014年8月9日 星期六

乙太網 Auto-Negotiation 和手動設定等連接組合的結果,從Cisco官網資訊整理

自動協商(Auto Negotiation) 是乙太網的一個很棒的功能,任何網路口接上線以後,我們不需要擔心任何速度(Speed)、雙工(Duplex)的設定內容,硬體自動就幫我們找到最好的設定。

EW線地鐵橋下的Upper Changi Road景觀。新加坡。



有趣的是,如果交換器端設定成手動,結果電腦端忘了做任何設定(預設是自動協商),或者是兩者設定對調,結果竟然是速度很差的 半雙工!

Configuration NIC (Speed/Duplex)Configuration Switch (Speed/Duplex)Resulting NIC Speed/DuplexResulting Catalyst Speed/DuplexComments
AUTOAUTO1000 Mbps, Full-duplex1000 Mbps, Full-duplexAssuming maximum capability of Catalyst switch, and NIC is 1000 Mbps, full-duplex.
1000 Mbps, Full-duplexAUTO1000 Mbps, Full-duplex1000 Mbps, Full-duplexLink is established, but the switch does not see any autonegotiation information from NIC. Since Catalyst switches support only full-duplex operation with 1000 Mbps, they default to full-duplex, and this happens only when operating at 1000 Mbps.
AUTO1000 Mbps, Full-duplex1000 Mbps, Full-duplex1000 Mbps, Full-duplexAssuming maximum capability of NIC is 1000 Mbps, full-duplex.
1000 Mbps, Full-duplex1000 Mbps, Full-duplex1000 Mbps, Full-duplex1000 Mbps, Full-duplexCorrect Manual Configuration
100 Mbps, Full-duplex1000 Mbps, Full-duplexNo LinkNo LinkNeither side establishes link, due to speed mismatch
100 Mbps, Full-duplexAUTO100 Mbps, Full-duplex100 Mbps, Half-duplexDuplex Mismatch 1
AUTO100 Mbps, Full-duplex100 Mbps, Half-duplex100 Mbps, Full-duplexDuplex Mismatch 1
100 Mbps, Full-duplex100 Mbps, Full-duplex100 Mbps, Full-duplex100 Mbps, Full-duplexCorrect Manual Configuration2
100 Mbps, Half-duplexAUTO100 Mbps, Half-duplex100 Mbps, Half-duplexLink is established, but switch does not see any autonegotiation information from NIC and defaults to half-duplex when operating at 10/100 Mbps.
10 Mbps, Half-duplexAUTO10 Mbps, Half-duplex10 Mbps, Half-duplexLink is established, but switch does not see Fast Link Pulse (FLP) and defaults to 10 Mbps half-duplex.
10 Mbps, Half-duplex100 Mbps, Half-duplexNo LinkNo LinkNeither side establishes link, due to speed mismatch.
AUTO100 Mbps, Half-duplex100 Mbps, Half-duplex100 Mbps, Half-duplexLink is established, but NIC does not see any autonegotiation information and defaults to 100 Mbps, half-duplex.
AUTO10 Mbps, Half-duplex10 Mbps, Half-duplex10 Mbps, Half-duplexLink is established, but NIC does not see FLP and defaults to 10 Mbps, half-duplex.

其中,黃色代表最佳設定,橘色代表效能不好的設定,紅色代表完全不能使用的設定。

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