在製作網路教學教材、撰寫技術文件或進行概念驗證(Proof of Concept, PoC)展示時,無論是公開課程還是企業內部訓練,我們都需要示範用的 IP 位址。
你是否想過:是否存在某些保留網段,其範圍完全不會與任何線上生產環境(Production)的位址重疊?
答案是肯定的,IETF 在幾篇相關的 RFC 文件中早已為我們定義好了。本文先針對最常被使用的單播(Unicast)位址進行整理。
在製作網路教學教材、撰寫技術文件或進行概念驗證(Proof of Concept, PoC)展示時,無論是公開課程還是企業內部訓練,我們都需要示範用的 IP 位址。
你是否想過:是否存在某些保留網段,其範圍完全不會與任何線上生產環境(Production)的位址重疊?
答案是肯定的,IETF 在幾篇相關的 RFC 文件中早已為我們定義好了。本文先針對最常被使用的單播(Unicast)位址進行整理。
http://standards.ieee.org/faqs/OUI.html#q2
What costs are involved with obtaining an OUI, IAB or EtherType Field?
The OUI is $1,650.00 (US); the IAB is $550.00 (US) and the EtherType Field is $2,500.00 (US). The only other fees that would be involved is a $15.00 bank fee that is only applicable with the wire transfer payment method and a fee for private status on the public listing. There are no annual fees.
! Global, 啟動 DHCP Snooping, 這行一定要
ip dhcp snooping
! 假設只對 VLAN 100 和 VLAN 200 作 DHCP 設限, 這行也一定要
ip dhcp snooping vlan 100 200
! DHCP Server 埠, 或是 Uplink, 這點很重要, 不然會全部都收不到!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
ip dhcp trust
! 一般使用者埠, 這是預設值, 可以不用下
interface FastEthernet 0/1
no ip dhcp trust
Quotes from Status of Project IEEE 802.11n
July 2008, Denver, Colorado, US
TGn Draft 5.0 passed recirculation ballot #129 by an 90% majority (75% required) with 261 votes to approve, 29 not approve, 23 abstain.
All 1112 comments from this recirculation ballot were resolved during this meeting, and the working group approved a recirculation ballot on a TGn Draft 6.0, incorporating these comment resolutions.
The timeline was modified, and now anticipates publication in November 2009 instead of July 2009. The group is targeting September 3-5 for an ad hoc meeting to resolve comments from the recirculation ballot on Draft 6.0.

PPP CHAP 設定, 快速參考!
hostname Left
username Right password samepassword
int serial 1/0
encapsulation ppp
ppp authentication chap
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
hostname Right
username Left password samepassword
int serial 1/0
encapsulation ppp
ppp authentication chap
ip address 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
"使用Google查詢關鍵字: 美食" (Application), 瀏覽器需要得到很多個Google提供的JPEG和HTML格式的內容來顯示 (Presentation). 在操作瀏覽器的完整過程當中 (Session), 瀏覽器建立了好幾個HTTP連線(Transport), 下載了很多個JPEG和HTML檔案完成整個查詢.
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios/12_0/np1/command/reference/1rrip.html#wp1018019
R1>show ip ospf database router 0.0.0.1
OSPF Router with ID (0.0.0.1) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
LS age: 1724
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
LS Type: Router Links
Link State ID: 0.0.0.1
Advertising Router: 0.0.0.1
LS Seq Number: 80000003
Checksum: 0x54DC
Length: 60
AS Boundary Router
Number of Links: 3
Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)
(Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 0.0.0.2
(Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.12.12.1
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 64
Link connected to: a Stub Network
(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.12.12.0
(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 64
Link connected to: a Stub Network
(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.1.1.0
(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 10
R1>
大家應該有注意到,R2事實上接上了不只三個網路物件.怎麼會只有印出三個? 這是因為OSPF協定的每一個區域(Area)當中,都有自己的連線狀態資料集合(Link State Database). 列出來的這三個,正是含在R1和R2共同連接的零號區域(Area 0)中.
R1>show ip ospf database router 0.0.0.2
OSPF Router with ID (0.0.0.1) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Routing Bit Set on this LSA
LS age: 1508
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
LS Type: Router Links
Link State ID: 0.0.0.2
Advertising Router: 0.0.0.2
LS Seq Number: 80000004
Checksum: 0x84A8
Length: 60
Area Border Router
Number of Links: 3
Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)
(Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 0.0.0.1
(Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.12.12.2
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 64
Link connected to: a Stub Network
(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.12.12.0
(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 64
Link connected to: a Stub Network
(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.2.2.0
(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 10
R1>
wg_ro_h#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
wg_ro_h#